Zambian folklore is rich with stories and legends that reflect the country’s deep connection to nature, its ancestral traditions, and its diverse ethnic groups, such as the Bemba, Lozi, and Tonga. Central to Zambian mythology is the figure of "Nyami Nyami," the Zambezi River God, often depicted as a serpent-like creature with the body of a snake and the head of a fish. Nyami Nyami is believed to have control over life in the Zambezi River, particularly the section near Victoria Falls. The people of the region regard him as a protector and provider, responsible for food during times of drought and for sheltering the local communities. His legend grew significantly during the construction of the Kariba Dam, when workers claimed that Nyami Nyami was angered, causing floods and halting progress on the dam as a form of punishment for disturbing the river. The Nyami Nyami remains a symbol of resistance and the power of nature in Zambian culture.\nAnother important element of Zambian folklore involves ancestral spirits, known as "Mipashi," who play a significant role in guiding and protecting their descendants. Zambians believe in maintaining a strong relationship with these spirits through rituals and offerings. If the spirits are pleased, they bring prosperity and protection; if angered, they may cause misfortune. This belief system underpins many traditional practices and ceremonies, such as the "Kuomboka" festival of the Lozi people, where the king moves his people to higher ground at the end of the rainy season, symbolizing their connection to the spirits of the land and water.\nZambian folklore is also rich with animal tales, often featuring animals like the hare, tortoise, and lion. Similar to trickster tales found in other African cultures, the "Kalulu" (the hare) is a cunning character who often outsmarts more powerful animals like the lion, using his wit to survive and thrive. These stories, passed down orally, serve as moral lessons, teaching values like cleverness, patience, and humility.\nA notable legend is that of "Mwelu," a mythological figure who is said to have descended from the heavens to bring knowledge and wisdom to the people. Mwelu is often depicted as a hero who brought tools for farming and hunting, helping the people to cultivate the land and establish strong communities.